RISE UP a blue call to action
RISE UP
for the Ocean
A Blue Call to Action
The ocean sustains all life on our planet and is fundamental to human survival and well- being. Now is the time to RISE UP in its defense.
Coral reef die-offs, collapsing fish populations and species extinctions are evidence of the escalating ocean crisis brought about by overfishing, ocean heating, acidification, pollution and multiple other stressors. They are eroding the ocean’s ability to function as our life support system. Defending its capacity to produce oxygen, sequester carbon and provide food and livelihoods for billions of people is vital.
Thriving coastal areas, a resilient deep ocean, abundant nature and protected high seas will help sustain all humankind and support the culture and well-being of Indigenous peoples and coastal communities. A healthy ocean is fundamental to a healthy planet, and makes a hopeful future possible for current and future generations.
At most we have 10 years to stay below the 1.5C heating threshold and avoid the existential risks to nature and people that crossing it will bring.[1], [2] We have a choice: either we continue to follow a destructive extractive economic model that will take us ever faster towards environmental, social and economic disaster; or we choose transformative change that respects and bolsters our ocean, its resources, its biodiversity, and the global community that rely on it.
2020 is the year in which we can drive bold, fair actions to set the ocean on a course to recovery.
The conditions are ideal for governments and other stakeholders to take action. There is a globally agreed SDG14 framework[3], the inescapable science of the IPCC’s Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate[4], the IPBES Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services[5], and a rising wave of citizen engagement.
Young people in particular are getting involved: we need to listen to our youth, as their lives will be shaped by the actions we take now.
Some measures to address the ocean crisis have been adopted but they have not been fully implemented. They must be actioned immediately – and we need to go much further. We the undersigned are committed to ensuring a healthy blue future. We call on governments and businesses to join us and RISE UP for the ocean.
Restore ocean life
Goals: (i) sustainably manage the world’s fisheries and safeguard the livelihoods they support; (ii) stop overfishing and destructive fishing; and (iii) protect and restore threatened and endangered species, habitats and ecological functions.
Priority actions:
- Urgently restore depleted fisheries and sensitive habitats (such as coral reefs), and protect threatened and endangered species.
- Within territorial seas, prioritize access for sustainable small-scale fishing, prevent industrial threats, and recognize and promote community-based management.
- Prohibit damaging fishing, such as destructive bottom-trawling and blast fishing, and promote gears and techniques that minimize the catch of non-target species.
- Prohibit new or expanded exploitation of krill, mesopelagic and deep-sea species.
- Ensure transparency in all fisheries through the collection and public disclosure of information such as registration, catch, vessel tracking, licensing and other data, to deter illegal and unreported fishing, prevent human rights abuses, improve decision-making and combat corruption.
- Adopt registration, licensing and monitoring systems to address unregulated fisheries.
Invest immediately in a net-zero carbon emissions future
Goals: (i) minimise greenhouse gas emissions to ensure we meet the Paris Agreement’s target to keep heating below 1.5 C[6]; and (ii) restore the ocean’s full natural capacity to sequester and store carbon through nature-based solutions.
Priority actions:
- Immediately ban all new offshore oil and gas exploration and production, and rapidly phase out current offshore oil and gas
- Target 100 per cent decarbonization of all shipping by 2035[7], [8], and immediately ban heavy fuel oil use in the [9]
- Invest in nature-based solutions to maximize marine carbon sequestration and storage potential (e.g. protecting and restoring wetlands, mangroves and seagrass beds, and rebuilding wildlife).
- Invest in low-impact ocean-based renewable energy
- Commit to new and more ambitious national climate plans (NDCs) in 2020 that include the ocean (e.g. blue carbon storage, reduced emissions from ocean sectors, enhanced environmental and social resilience, adaptation benefits from ocean ecosystems), and accelerate their implementation.[10]
Speed the transition to a circular and sustainable economy
Goals: (i) invest more in innovation and development to rapidly transition to a circular economy, including by moving to a sustainable and inclusive blue economy; and (ii) phase out destructive ocean activities to ensure that economic growth does not continue to degrade the marine environment.
Priority actions:
- Transition to a new, more sustainable and inclusive blue economy focused on: (i) low-impact offshore renewable energies; (ii) environmentally-friendly aquaculture and marine biotechnology; (iii) green shipping; (iv) ocean monitoring and surveillance technologies; and (v) sustainable fisheries.
- Redirect finance flows to drive investment in support of this agenda, creating innovative finance and insurance products that enhance the ocean’s natural capital and resilience.
- Immediately incorporate the ocean’s value into economic decision-making, through natural and social capital accounting and in cost-benefit analysis.
- End all harmful exemptions and subsidies for fossil fuel, oil and gas drilling, and detrimental fishing and agricultural practices.
- Eliminate all non-essential single use plastics and reduce plastic production by implementing zero-waste strategies by 2025. [11]
- Stop any further development of new activities which harm ocean health, such as seabed mining.
Empower and support coastal people
Goal: strengthen the ability of local coastal communities, Indigenous peoples and small- scale fishers and fishworkers, especially women and youth, to conserve biodiversity, safeguard food security, build climate resilience and eradicate poverty.
Priority actions:
- In compliance with their free, prior and informed consent, ensure full and effective participation in the governance and management of biodiversity and natural resources.
- Promote food security and poverty eradication through the immediate implementation of the FAO Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries.[12]
- Recognize, protect and secure legitimate tenure rights to marine resources important for livelihoods and sociocultural wellbeing.
- Recognize the critical importance of ancestral, Indigenous and local knowledge and ensure it is incorporated in decision-making.
Unite for stronger global ocean governance
Goals: (i) establish effective and equitable global governance to protect the ocean, and ensure the participation of Indigenous and coastal communities in these processes.
Priority actions:
- In 2020, adopt a new legally-binding UN agreement on high seas biodiversity that ensures robust protection including the rapid establishment of a network of fully protected MPAs, and enhances cooperation among global, regional and sectoral bodies.
- Adopt an international agreement to significantly reduce nutrient, sediment, plastic and chemical pollution of the ocean by industry, agriculture, waste management and sewage.
- Convene a Heads of State conference by 2023 that reviews the implementation of this call to action and adopts fully financed solutions that guarantee oversight and integrated, accountable global ocean governance.
Protect at least 30 per cent of the ocean by 2030
Goals: (i) establish a global network of effective and representative marine protected and Indigenous Peoples and Local Community (IPLC) conserved areas that are fully or highly protected to provide climate, food security, livelihood and biodiversity benefits; and (ii) ensure these areas are sufficiently funded and that agreed protection plans are fully implemented.
Priority actions:
- Adopt the 30 per cent protection by 2030 (30×30) target into the new 2030 Global Deal for Nature by the Convention on Biological Diversity in 2020 [xiii]
- Accelerate progress to ensure that this network of fully or highly protected and conserved areas cover at least 30 per cent of the global ocean by 2030.
- Immediately protect or conserve pristine marine areas.
- Develop ambitious global financial instruments to implement and enforce existing and new protected and conserved areas, particularly for small island and developing states; and promote capacity-strengthening for management authorities, Indigenous peoples and local communities.
- Recognize the biodiversity contributions of protected and conserved areas of all governance types, including marine areas conserved by IPLCs as traditional owners of their territories of life.
[1] UN Press release (2019). Only 11 Years Left to Prevent Irreversible Damage from Climate Change, Speakers Warn during General Assembly High-Level Meeting. https://www.un.org/press/en/2019/ga12131.doc.htm
[2] IPCC (2018). Global Warming of 1.5 ºC. Special Report. https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/
[3] UN (2019). The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2019. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2019/
[4] IPCC (2019). WG IWG IIThe Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate – Summary for Policy Makers. https://report.ipcc.ch/srocc/pdf/SROCC_FinalDraft_FullReport.pdf
[5] IPBES (2019). IPBES Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. https://www.ipbes.net/global-assessment-report-biodiversity-ecosystem-services
[6] The Paris Agreement https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement/the-paris-agreement
[7] International Transport Forum (2018). Decarbonising Maritime Transport – Pathways to zero-carbon shipping by 2035. https://www.itf-oecd.org/decarbonising-maritime-transport
[8] IMO (2018). UN body adopts climate change strategy for shipping. http://www.imo.org/en/MediaCentre/PressBriefings/Pages/06GHGinitialstrategy.aspx N.B. TheIMO sets less ambitious targets 40% by 2030 and 70% by 2050
[9] HFO Free Arctic https://www.hfofreearctic.org/en/front-page/
[10] IUCN/Climate Focus (2018). Coastal blue carbon and Article 6 Implications and opportunities. https://www.climatefocus.com/sites/default/files/20181203_Article%206%20and%20Coastal%20Blue%20Carbon.pdf
[11] Ellen MacArthur Foundation & UN Environment (2019). New Plastics Economy Global Commitment. https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/assets/downloads/GC-Report-June19.pdf
[12] FAO. FAO Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Small Scale Fisheries. http://www.fao.org/voluntary-guidelines-small-scale-fisheries/en/
[xiii] Dinerstein, E. et al. (2019). A Global Deal For Nature: Guiding principles, milestones, and targets. Science Advances 19 Apr 2019: Vol. 5, no. 4, eaaw2869 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw2869 https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/4/eaaw2869/tab-pdf